Kolbaşı Esma Nur, van der Hulst Elisabeth G, Spildooren Joke, Janssens Lotte, Meyns Pieter
REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jun 26;14(13):4545. doi: 10.3390/jcm14134545.
Sensory integration (SI) involves the central processing of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs. It plays a key role in regulating movements such as gait. However, aging may impair these systems and SI, altering the gait. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to examine the relationship between gait parameters and SI during standing in healthy older adults. A systematic literature search was conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and PEDro databases. Correlation coefficients between gait speed, sway (area and/or velocity) while standing under different SI conditions, and quotients were extracted. The Romberg Quotient (RQ) and Proprioception Quotient (PQ) were used to assess reliance on visual and somatosensory systems, respectively. The studies were grouped by condition, quotient, and outcome measures for the meta-analysis. Thirteen studies ( = 719, mean age 72.5 years) were included. There were significant associations between gait speed and sway area during standing with eyes open on a stable surface (r: -0.235, < 0.001), eyes closed on a stable surface (ECS) (r: -0.201, < 0.001), eyes open on a compliant surface (r: -0.198, < 0.001), and eyes closed on a compliant surface (r: -0.186, < 0.004). No associations were found between gait speed and sway velocity in each condition, RQ, and PQ ( > 0.486 for all), except for the ECS (r: -0.149, : 0.01). This study indicated a partial link between gait speed and SI in older adults. Future research should focus on dynamic SI evaluation to better understand this association.
感觉统合（SI）涉及视觉、前庭和躯体感觉输入的中枢处理。它在调节诸如步态等运动中起关键作用。然而，衰老可能损害这些系统和感觉统合，从而改变步态。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在研究健康老年人站立时步态参数与感觉统合之间的关系。在科学网、PubMed、MEDLINE和PEDro数据库中进行了系统的文献检索。提取了不同感觉统合条件下站立时的步态速度、摆动（面积和/或速度）以及商数之间的相关系数。分别使用罗姆伯格商数（RQ）和本体感觉商数（PQ）来评估对视觉和躯体感觉系统的依赖程度。这些研究按条件、商数和结局指标进行分组以进行荟萃分析。纳入了13项研究（n = 719，平均年龄72.5岁）。在稳定表面睁眼站立时（r：-0.235，P < 0.001）、稳定表面闭眼站立时（ECS）（r：-0.201，P < 0.001）、顺应性表面睁眼站立时（r：-0.198，P < 0.001）以及顺应性表面闭眼站立时（r：-0.186，P < 0.004），步态速度与摆动面积之间存在显著关联。在每种条件下，步态速度与摆动速度、RQ和PQ之间均未发现关联（所有P > 0.486），除了ECS条件下（r：-0.149，P：0.01）。本研究表明老年人的步态速度与感觉统合之间存在部分联系。未来的研究应侧重于动态感觉统合评估，以更好地理解这种关联。
