McMahon M M, Farnell M B, Murray M J
Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1993 Sep;68(9):911-20. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60702-2.
Severe depletion of body protein stores can result from prolonged starvation or from hormonal and cytokine-mediated effects during critical illness. Recent advances in the understanding of cytokine actions have substantially refined the interpretation of the nutritional assessment of critically ill patients. In addition, the design of nutritional programs for hospitalized patients has changed considerably during the past decade. Although nutritional support of critically ill patients will not lead to positive nitrogen balance, nutrition can increase protein synthesis, enhance immune function, and beneficially modify the body's response to an illness.
身体蛋白质储备的严重消耗可能源于长期饥饿，或危重病期间激素和细胞因子介导的效应。对细胞因子作用认识的最新进展，极大地完善了对危重病患者营养评估的解读。此外，在过去十年中，针对住院患者的营养方案设计也有了很大变化。尽管对危重病患者的营养支持不会导致正氮平衡，但营养可以增加蛋白质合成、增强免疫功能，并有益地改变身体对疾病的反应。
