Druce H M
Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri.
Ann Allergy. 1993 Sep;71(3):288-91.
Although the assessment of allergic reactions was subjective for many years, it is now possible to evaluate nasal blockage objectively by measuring nasal airway resistance. To explore the pathophysiology of nasal blockage, however, it is necessary to analyze the separate components of obstruction, including secretions, cellular infiltrates, and microcirculatory parameters. The preferred techniques for measuring nasal mucosal blood flow are laser-Doppler velocimetry and radioactive xenon washout. Laser-Doppler velocimetry allows the measurement not only of blood flow but also of blood volume, red blood cell speed, and pulsatility of flow. It also permits continuous measurement of microcirculatory parameters over time. This technique has been used to assess the nasal microvascular response to neurohormones, antigenic challenge, and histamine challenge with and without antihistamine pretreatment.
尽管多年来对过敏反应的评估一直是主观的，但现在通过测量鼻气道阻力可以客观地评估鼻塞情况。然而，为了探究鼻塞的病理生理学，有必要分析阻塞的各个组成部分，包括分泌物、细胞浸润和微循环参数。测量鼻黏膜血流的首选技术是激光多普勒测速法和放射性氙洗脱法。激光多普勒测速法不仅可以测量血流，还可以测量血容量、红细胞速度和血流搏动性。它还允许随时间连续测量微循环参数。该技术已被用于评估鼻微血管对神经激素、抗原激发和组胺激发的反应，以及有无抗组胺药预处理的情况。
