Alster J, Shemesh Z, Ornan M, Attias J
Sleep Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Israel.
Biol Psychiatry. 1993;34(1-2):84-90. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(93)90260-k.
Sleep disturbance is a common and frequent complaint reported by tinnitus sufferers. Recent studies have shown that when insomnia and depression are associated with tinnitus there is decreased tolerance and increased discomfort with the tinnitus. The purpose of this study was to assess the reported prevalence and severity of sleep disturbance in chronic tinnitus patients. Patients (n = 80) were military personnel without major psychiatric disturbance and their tinnitus was associated with noise-induced permanent hearing loss (NIHL). Mini Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ) scores for sleep disturbance were found to be higher than those of normal controls in 77% of the patients. Highest MSQ scores in tinnitus patients with a sleep complaint were for delayed sleep, morning awakenings, mid-sleep awakenings, morning fatigue, and chronic fatigue. In contrast, a complaint of excessive daytime sleep (EDS) was not common. The self-rated severity of the tinnitus was greater in subjects with higher sleep disturbance scores. Self-rated depressive symptomatology was also highly correlated with sleep disturbance. Retrospective examination of sleep records and polysomnographic data for 10 patients with a complaint of chronic tinnitus revealed a combined effect for the tinnitus condition when associated with another conventional sleep disorder. In spite of the common complaint of sleep disturbance in tinnitus, only a minority seek a sleep examination.
睡眠障碍是耳鸣患者常见且频发的主诉。近期研究表明，当失眠和抑郁与耳鸣相关时，对耳鸣的耐受性会降低，不适感会增加。本研究的目的是评估慢性耳鸣患者中所报告的睡眠障碍患病率及严重程度。患者（n = 80）为无重大精神障碍的军人，其耳鸣与噪声性永久性听力损失（NIHL）相关。结果发现，77%的患者睡眠障碍的迷你睡眠问卷（MSQ）得分高于正常对照组。有睡眠主诉的耳鸣患者中，MSQ得分最高的项目是入睡延迟、早醒、睡眠中觉醒、晨起疲劳和慢性疲劳。相比之下，白天过度嗜睡（EDS）的主诉并不常见。睡眠障碍得分较高的受试者耳鸣的自评严重程度更高。自评抑郁症状也与睡眠障碍高度相关。对10例有慢性耳鸣主诉患者的睡眠记录和多导睡眠图数据进行回顾性检查发现，耳鸣与另一种传统睡眠障碍并存时会产生综合影响。尽管耳鸣患者普遍存在睡眠障碍主诉，但只有少数人寻求睡眠检查。
