Gorman D M
Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08855.
BMJ. 1993 Aug 7;307(6900):369-71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.307.6900.369.
Criticism of the "war on drugs" pursued under Republican administrations has grown in the United States. With the election of Bill Clinton many experts expected a shift from law enforcement policies to an approach favouring treatment and prevention. The budget announced in April, however, revealed no such shift in allocation of resources. Although the war on drugs has apparently failed to reduce the supply of cheap heroin and cocaine to the United States, the prevention strategy favoured by its opponents--school based prevention programmes--has not yet been shown to be effective in dealing with the concentration of drug misuse among the socially disadvantaged. In looking for new strategies Clinton must satisfy both liberals and conservatives in Congress, and community policing might therefore prove to be a politically expedient option.
美国国内对共和党政府推行的“毒品战争”的批评声日益高涨。随着比尔·克林顿当选总统，许多专家预计政策将从执法转向更倾向于治疗和预防的方式。然而，4月份公布的预算案显示，资源分配并未出现这种转变。尽管“毒品战争”显然未能减少美国廉价海洛因和可卡因的供应，但其反对者所青睐的预防策略——以学校为基础的预防项目——在应对社会弱势群体中药物滥用集中问题方面尚未证明有效。在寻求新策略时，克林顿必须同时满足国会中的自由派和保守派，因此社区治安可能被证明是一个政治上权宜之计的选择。
