McKenzie C L, Byford R L
Department of Entomology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003.
J Econ Entomol. 1993 Aug;86(4):1040-8. doi: 10.1093/jee/86.4.1040.
Susceptible populations of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (L.), were selected with six insecticide treatment regimens: continuous use of permethrin, diazinon, or ivermectin; permethrin/diazinon (1:2) mixture; permethrin-diazinon rotation; and permethrin-ivermectin rotation. Insecticide selection was applied as low-volume sprays on steers infested with horn flies housed in environmentally controlled rooms. During the study period, horn fly populations developed an apparent resistance to all insecticide treatment regimens. Selection with permethrin, diazinon, and ivermectin resulted in development of resistance in generations 21, 31, and 30, respectively. Selection with insecticide mixtures and rotations resulted in the delay of any apparent resistance development for an additional one to seven generations. The magnitude of this resistance ranged from 1,470-fold for the single continuous use of permethrin to < 3-fold for ivermectin in the permethrin-ivermectin rotation. Compared with single continuous insecticide selections, the onset and degree of resistance development was significantly reduced by alternating and mixing insecticides.
选用六种杀虫剂处理方案来挑选易感的角蝇种群，即：持续使用氯菊酯、二嗪农或伊维菌素；氯菊酯/二嗪农（1:2）混合物；氯菊酯-二嗪农轮换；以及氯菊酯-伊维菌素轮换。将杀虫剂作为低容量喷雾剂施用于饲养在环境可控房间内且感染了角蝇的阉牛身上。在研究期间，角蝇种群对所有杀虫剂处理方案均产生了明显抗性。用氯菊酯、二嗪农和伊维菌素进行选择分别在第21代、31代和30代产生了抗性。使用杀虫剂混合物和轮换进行选择使任何明显抗性的发展延迟了一至七代。这种抗性的程度从氯菊酯单一持续使用时的1470倍到氯菊酯-伊维菌素轮换中伊维菌素的小于3倍不等。与单一持续使用杀虫剂的选择相比，交替和混合使用杀虫剂可显著降低抗性发展的起始和程度。
