Dromi E, Leonard L B, Shteiman M
School of Education, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
J Speech Hear Res. 1993 Aug;36(4):760-71. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3604.760.
Many English-speaking children with specific language impairment have unusual difficulty with grammatical morphemes such as past tense and third-person singular verb inflections and function words such as articles. Unfortunately, the source of this difficulty is not yet clear, in part because some of the possible contributing factors are confounded in English. In the present study, alternative accounts of grammatical morpheme difficulties were evaluated using children with specific language impairment who were acquiring Hebrew. We examined the grammatical morpheme production and comprehension of 15 Hebrew-speaking children with specific language impairment, 15 normally developing compatriots matched for age and 15 normally developing children matched for mean length of utterance in words. The results provided tentative support for the notion that grammatical morphemes are less difficult for children with specific language impairment if they take the form of stressed and/or lengthened syllables and if they appear in a language in which nouns, verbs, and adjectives must be inflected. The possibility that features such as person, number, and gender are missing from the underlying grammars of these children seems less likely.
许多患有特定语言障碍的英语儿童在语法语素（如过去式和第三人称单数动词词尾变化）以及功能词（如冠词）方面存在异常困难。不幸的是，这种困难的根源尚不清楚，部分原因是一些可能的影响因素在英语中相互混淆。在本研究中，我们以正在学习希伯来语的患有特定语言障碍的儿童为对象，对语法语素困难的其他解释进行了评估。我们考察了15名患有特定语言障碍的希伯来语儿童、15名年龄匹配的正常发育的同胞儿童以及15名根据单词平均语句长度匹配的正常发育儿童的语法语素产出和理解情况。研究结果初步支持了这样一种观点，即如果语法语素以重读和/或拉长音节的形式出现，并且出现在一种名词、动词和形容词必须进行词形变化的语言中，那么对于患有特定语言障碍的儿童来说，语法语素的难度会降低。这些儿童的基础语法中缺少人称、数和性等特征的可能性似乎较小。
