el-Mallakh R S, Okoneski D, Schapiro P, Ligay D J
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine.
Md Med J. 1993 Jun;42(6):565-70.
Designing an effective, outpatient, community-based neuropsychiatric program for persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) is challenging because the affected population is diverse. The individuals must cope with a multitude of complications while anticipating a shortened life span. Behavioral and emotional complications are common and may be reactive, idiopathic, or organic. An effective program must provide neuropsychiatric evaluations and give access to ongoing supportive and psychotherapeutic services that take into account problems unique to HIV-infected individuals. Neuropsychiatric evaluations were performed on 80 infected patients. The HIV-seropositive individuals (n = 60) were compared with patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (n = 20) using several clinical measures. Patients in the early stages of HIV infection suffered from more frequent major depressive episodes and ongoing substance abuse than patients with advanced disease. Cognitive impairment and psychosis, however, were primarily related to AIDS.
为感染人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV）的患者设计一个有效、门诊式、基于社区的神经精神科项目具有挑战性，因为受影响人群具有多样性。这些个体必须应对众多并发症，同时预期寿命缩短。行为和情绪并发症很常见，可能是反应性、特发性或器质性的。一个有效的项目必须提供神经精神科评估，并提供持续的支持性和心理治疗服务，这些服务要考虑到HIV感染者特有的问题。对80名感染患者进行了神经精神科评估。使用多种临床指标，将HIV血清阳性个体（n = 60）与获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者（n = 20）进行了比较。与晚期疾病患者相比，处于HIV感染早期的患者更频繁地出现重度抑郁发作和持续的药物滥用。然而，认知障碍和精神病主要与艾滋病有关。
