Cardoso F, Jankovic J
Department of Neurology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Neurol Clin. 1993 Aug;11(3):625-38.
This article focuses on the current knowledge about movement disorders associated with alcohol and drug abuse. Chronic alcohol use can produce a wide spectrum of movement disorders including tremor, withdrawal parkinsonism and dyskinesias, cerebellar ataxia, and asterixis. MPTP, a neurotoxin first reported to cause parkinsonism in a group of drug abusers, has provided important insights into the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. There is a growing body of literature providing evidence that dyskinesias such as tics and dystonia may be precipitated or exacerbated by cocaine. Amphetamines have been implicated in the production of stereotypies and exacerbation of tics.
本文聚焦于与酒精和药物滥用相关的运动障碍的现有知识。长期饮酒可导致多种运动障碍，包括震颤、戒断性帕金森综合征和运动障碍、小脑共济失调以及扑翼样震颤。1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶（MPTP）是一种首次报道在一群药物滥用者中导致帕金森综合征的神经毒素，它为帕金森病的发病机制提供了重要见解。越来越多的文献证据表明，可卡因可能诱发或加重诸如抽搐和肌张力障碍等运动障碍。安非他命与刻板动作的产生及抽搐的加重有关。
