Kidson M A, Douglas J C, Holwill B J
Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, VIC.
Med J Aust. 1993 Apr 19;158(8):563-6.
To ascertain the frequency of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in World War II veterans attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic in an Australian veterans' hospital and to compare veterans with and without PTSD according to certain psychological variables.
Over a three-month period veterans were assessed at their next appointment by their treating doctors (psychiatrists or psychiatric registrars) for PTSD according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-III-R). At the same time they completed two questionnaires and provided information about their war experiences.
The psychiatric outpatient department at Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, Melbourne.
One hundred and twenty World War II veterans attended during the three-month period and 108 (90%) agreed to participate and are included in this study.
The treating doctors recorded the presence or absence and severity of veterans' symptoms of PTSD. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-60) and the Impact of Events Scale (IES) were then completed by participants under supervision.
Forty-nine veterans (45%) were found to have active PTSD 45 years after the war. The presence of PTSD was significantly associated with the taking of casualties (an indicator of severity of war stress as reported by the veterans themselves) and with combat stress as rated by their treating doctors. The veterans with PTSD obtained significantly higher scores on both the GHQ-60 and the IES, and reported no significant reduction in symptoms of PTSD over the preceding 10 years. The presence of both an anxiety and a depressive disorder was substantially and significantly more common in the veterans who had PTSD.
Overall, the study revealed a high frequency of PTSD and a strong persistence of this condition in psychiatric outpatients who were veterans of World War II.
确定在澳大利亚一家退伍军人医院精神科门诊就诊的二战退伍军人中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的发生率，并根据某些心理变量对患有和未患有PTSD的退伍军人进行比较。
在三个月的时间里，退伍军人在下次就诊时由其主治医生（精神科医生或精神科住院医生）根据美国精神医学协会《诊断与统计手册》（DSM-III-R）的标准对PTSD进行评估。同时，他们完成两份问卷并提供有关其战争经历的信息。
墨尔本海德堡遣返医院精神科门诊。
在三个月期间，120名二战退伍军人前来就诊，其中108名（90%）同意参与并被纳入本研究。
主治医生记录退伍军人PTSD症状的有无及严重程度。然后，参与者在监督下完成一般健康问卷（GHQ-60）和事件影响量表（IES）。
战后45年，49名退伍军人（45%）被发现患有活动性PTSD。PTSD的存在与造成人员伤亡（退伍军人自己报告的战争压力严重程度指标）以及主治医生评定的战斗压力显著相关。患有PTSD的退伍军人在GHQ-60和IES上的得分均显著更高，并且报告在过去10年中PTSD症状没有显著减轻。同时患有焦虑症和抑郁症在患有PTSD的退伍军人中显著更为常见。
总体而言，该研究显示在二战退伍军人精神科门诊患者中，PTSD发生率很高且这种状况持续存在。
