Protonated pyrimidine-purine-purine triplex.

We have studied a protonated pyrimidine-purine-purine (Py-Pu-Pu) triplex, which is formed between the d(C)nd(G)n duplex and the d(AG)m oligonucleotide as the third strand and carries the CGA+ protonated base-triads. We have observed such an intermolecular complex between a plasmid carrying the d(C)18 d(G)18 insert and the d(AG)5 oligonucleotide without bivalent cations in 200 mM of Na+ at pH4.0. Bivalent cations additionally stabilize the complex. We propose the structures for nearly isomorphous base-triads TAA, CGG and CGA+. To identify the H-DNA-like structure, which includes the triplex between d(C)n d(G)n duplex and the AG-strand, we have cloned in a superhelical plasmid the insert: G10TTAA(AG)5. The data on photofootprinting and chemical modification with diethyl pyrocarbonate, potassium permanganate and dimethyl sulfate demonstrate that the H-like structure with triplex carrying CGG and CGA+ base triads is actually formed under acid conditions. In the course of this study we have come across unexpected results on probing of Py-Pu-Pu triplexes by dimethyl sulfate (DMS): the protection effect is observed not only for guanines entering the duplex but also for guanines in the third strand lying in the major groove. We have demonstrated this effect not only for the case the novel protonated Py-Pu-Pu triplex but also for the traditional non-protonated Py-Pu-Pu intramolecular triplex (H*-DNA) formed by the d(C)37 d(G)37 insert in supercoiled plasmid in the presence of Mg2+ ions.