Shaw E G, Bonner J A, Foote R L, Martenson J A, Frytak S, Deschamps C, McDougall J C
Division of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1993 Jun;68(6):593-602. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60375-9.
Most patients who have lung cancer will receive radiation therapy at some point during the course of their disease. For patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, radiation therapy is sometimes used after complete resection, particularly in patients with lymph node involvement. In addition, irradiation is commonly used after incomplete resection. In patients with unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer, radiation therapy alone is typically used, although recent studies of a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, or radiation therapy given in twice-daily fractions, have yielded promising results. For patients with small-cell lung cancer who have limited (that is, nonmetastatic) disease, the addition of thoracic radiation therapy to chemotherapy has improved survival over that with chemotherapy only. The role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in small-cell lung cancer remains controversial. Radiation therapy has a major role in the management of locally recurrent and metastatic lung cancer. Both the bones and the brain are common metastatic sites in patients with lung cancer. Radiation therapy provides effective palliation of symptoms from these and other metastatic lesions.
大多数肺癌患者在其病程的某个阶段会接受放射治疗。对于非小细胞肺癌患者，放射治疗有时在完全切除后使用，特别是在有淋巴结受累的患者中。此外，不完全切除后通常也会进行照射。对于不可切除的非小细胞肺癌患者，通常单独使用放射治疗，尽管最近关于化疗与放射治疗联合应用或每日两次分割放射治疗的研究已取得了有前景的结果。对于患有局限性（即非转移性）疾病的小细胞肺癌患者，在化疗基础上加用胸部放射治疗比单纯化疗提高了生存率。预防性颅脑照射在小细胞肺癌中的作用仍存在争议。放射治疗在局部复发和转移性肺癌的治疗中起主要作用。骨骼和大脑都是肺癌患者常见的转移部位。放射治疗能有效缓解这些及其他转移病灶引起的症状。
