Nielsen B, Astrup A, Samuelsen P, Wengholt H, Christensen N J
August Krogh Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1993 Jul;17(7):383-90.
The metabolic response to two tests: ephedrine and cooling in water at 15 degrees, was measured in eight obese and 13 normal weight persons matched for age and body height. The increase in heat production caused by ephedrine was significantly lower in the obese subjects than in the normal weight subjects. Also a 0.3 degree C degree fall in tympanic temperature during cold exposure induced a significantly smaller increase in energy expenditure and a reduced plasma noradrenaline response in the obese subjects. Six obese and six normal weight persons performed aerobic bicycle training for five weeks, and the tests were repeated. Bicycle ergometer training for one hour per day (heart rate 140-160 bpm) for five weeks increased the maximal oxygen uptake by 13% and 12% (P < 0.05) in the obese and the normal weight subjects, respectively. After training, the responses of the obese to ephedrine tended to increase, whereas no significant improvement in their cold-induced thermogenesis was found. The study shows that obese subjects have a decreased thermogenic response to sympathomimetic stimulation and to cold exposure, which was only slightly improved by endurance training.
在8名肥胖者和13名年龄与身高相匹配的正常体重者中，测量了他们对两种测试的代谢反应：麻黄碱和在15摄氏度水中冷却。麻黄碱引起的产热增加在肥胖受试者中显著低于正常体重受试者。同样，在寒冷暴露期间鼓膜温度下降0.3摄氏度时，肥胖受试者的能量消耗增加显著较小，血浆去甲肾上腺素反应降低。6名肥胖者和6名正常体重者进行了为期五周的有氧自行车训练，然后重复进行测试。每天进行一小时的自行车测力计训练（心率140 - 160次/分钟），持续五周，肥胖受试者和正常体重受试者的最大摄氧量分别增加了13%和12%（P < 0.05）。训练后，肥胖者对麻黄碱的反应趋于增加，而他们的冷诱导产热没有显著改善。该研究表明，肥胖受试者对拟交感神经刺激和寒冷暴露的产热反应降低，耐力训练仅使其略有改善。
