Baggiolini M, Boulay F, Badwey J A, Curnutte J T
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
FASEB J. 1993 Aug;7(11):1004-10. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.7.11.8396540.
The human organism survives the constant attack by bacteria and other pathogens thanks to the surveillance function of the neutrophil leukocytes. At sites of infection, several messenger molecules are generated that attract neutrophils from the blood and direct their migration toward the microbes, a process termed chemotaxis. Neutrophils sense chemotactic agonists through a group of closely related, GTP-binding protein-coupled receptors. Several of these have been recently cloned and shown to belong to the superfamily of rhodopsin-like, seven-transmembrane-domain receptors. At the site of infection, the neutrophils engulf and kill the invading microbes. This critical function depends on the production of superoxide and related radicals by a tightly regulated, membrane-bound NADPH oxidase that is activated by chemotactic agonists and other inflammatory stimuli. The characteristics of the receptors as well as new insights into the mechanism of activation of the superoxide-forming oxidase as presented at a recent FASEB meeting symposium are reviewed.
多亏了中性粒细胞的监测功能，人类机体才能在细菌和其他病原体的持续攻击下存活。在感染部位，会产生几种信使分子，它们从血液中吸引中性粒细胞，并引导它们向微生物迁移，这一过程称为趋化作用。中性粒细胞通过一组密切相关的GTP结合蛋白偶联受体感知趋化激动剂。其中几种最近已被克隆，并显示属于视紫红质样七跨膜结构域受体超家族。在感染部位，中性粒细胞吞噬并杀死入侵的微生物。这一关键功能依赖于一种受严格调控的膜结合NADPH氧化酶产生超氧化物和相关自由基，该氧化酶由趋化激动剂和其他炎症刺激激活。本文综述了这些受体的特性以及最近在FASEB会议研讨会上提出的关于超氧化物形成氧化酶激活机制的新见解。
