Cachat F, Froidevaux V, Guignard J P
Unité de néphrologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Suisse.
Pediatrie. 1993;48(4):313-26.
Renal tubular acidosis represents a heterogenous group of disorders with various etiologies and mechanisms. The physiopathologic basis of each type of renal tubular acidosis is reviewed, focusing on the laboratory investigations necessary to define the nature of the hyperchloremic renal tubular acidosis. Clinically, the four types of renal tubular acidosis can be associated with complications such as osteomalacia, urolithiasis and failure to thrive. Very often, the chronic administration of alkali results in normal growth and development, and greatly reduces the risk of stone formation or nephrocalcinosis.
肾小管酸中毒是一组病因和机制各异的异质性疾病。本文综述了每种类型肾小管酸中毒的病理生理基础，重点关注明确高氯性肾小管酸中毒性质所需的实验室检查。临床上，四种类型的肾小管酸中毒可伴有骨软化症、尿路结石和生长发育迟缓等并发症。通常，长期服用碱剂可使生长发育正常，并大大降低结石形成或肾钙质沉着症的风险。
