Lee W T, Leung S S, Lui S S, Lau J
Department of Paediatrics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin.
Br J Nutr. 1993 Jul;70(1):235-48. doi: 10.1079/bjn19930120.
This study evaluated Ca intake in Hong Kong Chinese children and examined the association between long-term Ca intake and bone mineral content (BMC) in children. Longitudinal dietary intake from birth to 5 years was obtained in 128 children (sixty-seven boys, sixty-one girls). Ca intakes were evaluated by dietary history and cross-checked with food frequency and 24 h recall. At age 5 years BMC was determined at the one-third distal radius of the right arm using single-photon absorptiometry. The mean Ca intake of 133 children at 5 years was 546 (SD 325) mg/d. Milk was the chief source of Ca (43.5%). From birth to 5 years, 90% of the children had been taking milk regularly. The mean BMC and bone width (BW) of these children were 0.317 (SD 0.042) g/cm and 0.756 (SD 0.074) cm respectively. BMC was not correlated with current intakes of Ca, energy and protein but was positively correlated with weight (r 0.57), height (r 0.47) and BW (r 0.66). However, cumulative Ca intake throughout the past 5 years showed significant correlation with BMC (r 0.235, P = 0.0133). The significant correlation remained even after weight, height, BW, sex, and cumulative intakes of energy and protein were adjusted in multiple regression analysis (r 0.248, P = 0.0107). Moreover, using principal component analysis, Ca intake during the 2nd year of life had the strongest correlation with BMC at 5 years (r 0.240, P = 0.02). Ca intake of Hong Kong Chinese children was higher than the RDA of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (1962) and achieved 66% of the current US recommendation (National Research Council, 1989). The increased regular milk consumption reflects a significant change in dietary habits of the younger generation. Children with a habitually higher Ca intake throughout the past 5 years, particularly in the 2nd year, were found to have higher BMC.
本研究评估了香港华裔儿童的钙摄入量，并探讨了儿童长期钙摄入量与骨矿物质含量（BMC）之间的关联。对128名儿童（67名男孩，61名女孩）从出生到5岁的纵向饮食摄入量进行了调查。通过饮食史评估钙摄入量，并与食物频率和24小时回顾法进行交叉核对。在5岁时，使用单光子吸收法测定右臂远端三分之一处的BMC。133名5岁儿童的平均钙摄入量为546（标准差325）mg/d。牛奶是钙的主要来源（43.5%）。从出生到5岁，90%的儿童一直定期饮用牛奶。这些儿童的平均BMC和骨宽度（BW）分别为0.317（标准差0.042）g/cm和0.756（标准差0.074）cm。BMC与当前的钙、能量和蛋白质摄入量无相关性，但与体重（r = 0.57）、身高（r = 0.47）和BW（r = 0.66）呈正相关。然而，过去5年的累积钙摄入量与BMC呈显著相关性（r = 0.235，P = 0.0133）。在多元回归分析中，即使对体重、身高、BW、性别以及能量和蛋白质的累积摄入量进行调整后，这种显著相关性仍然存在（r = 0.248，P = 0.0107）。此外，使用主成分分析，生命第2年的钙摄入量与5岁时的BMC相关性最强（r = 0.240，P = 0.02）。香港华裔儿童的钙摄入量高于联合国粮食及农业组织/世界卫生组织（1962年）的推荐膳食摄入量（RDA），达到了当前美国推荐量（美国国家研究委员会，1989年）的66%。经常饮用牛奶量的增加反映了年轻一代饮食习惯的显著变化。发现过去5年中习惯性钙摄入量较高的儿童，尤其是在第2年，其BMC较高。
