Railton R, Currie G D, Corner G A, Evans A L
Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, UK.
Physiol Meas. 1993 Aug;14(3):373-80. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/14/3/016.
Medical equipment has become more intelligent as the manufacturers have incorporated the latest microprocessor based technology. Equipment malfunction can be caused at any time by inherent errors in the control program but it is particularly important that this is designed to cope with the effects of electrical interference which, in addition, may cause corruption of the software. We have considered interference found in the mains supply in the hospital environment. Using a test protocol with appropriate interference simulators, a wide range of medical equipment was removed temporarily from use and its immunity to electrical mains borne interference tested. Battery operated mains rechargeable devices were unaffected by mains voltage variations including drop-outs and sags whereas mains powered devices were affected to varying degrees of severity. In particular, repetitive drop-outs caused loss of power due to fuse blowing in some life support equipment. Impulses affected 25% and pulse bursts 50% of the equipment tested with some evidence that the more recent designs coped better. The EEC Directive on electro-medical compatibility compliance may cause the design of equipment to be improved but hospitals will have to cope with the above problems in their existing equipment for many years to come.
随着制造商采用基于最新微处理器的技术，医疗设备变得更加智能化。控制程序中的固有错误随时可能导致设备故障，但特别重要的是，其设计要能应对电气干扰的影响，此外，电气干扰还可能导致软件损坏。我们已经考虑了在医院环境中主电源中发现的干扰。通过使用带有适当干扰模拟器的测试协议，大量医疗设备被暂时停用，并测试其对市电传播干扰的抗扰性。电池供电的可 mains 充电设备不受市电电压变化（包括断电和电压暂降）的影响，而 mains 供电设备则受到不同程度的影响。特别是，在一些生命支持设备中，反复断电会因保险丝熔断而导致断电。脉冲影响了 25%的测试设备，脉冲群影响了 50%的测试设备，有证据表明，最新的设计应对得更好。欧盟关于电医疗兼容性合规的指令可能会促使设备设计得到改进，但在未来许多年里，医院将不得不应对其现有设备中的上述问题。
