Sanz Alaejos M, Díaz Romero C
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Food Science, and Toxicology, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Clin Chem. 1993 Oct;39(10):2040-52.
Urinary selenium concentrations are used as an indicator of selenium status. A strong correlation has been established between dietary selenium and daily urinary selenium excretion in a wide range of populations from all over the world with different dietary selenium intake. Data on urinary selenium concentrations in healthy individuals and patients with different pathological conditions are reviewed. Selenium excretion rates of 20-200 micrograms/day are not associated with deficiency or toxicity problems. Urinary Se excretion is decreased in children, elderly people, and pregnant women. Workers exposed to heavy metals, and cancer patients, have higher and lower urinary Se concentrations, respectively, than control groups. The trimethylselenonium ion, a minor metabolite of Se in urine, assumes a significant role only in the detoxification of excess Se intake. Studies of bioavailability and balance show the important role of the kidneys in homeostatic regulation of Se.
尿硒浓度被用作硒状态的指标。在世界各地不同膳食硒摄入量的广泛人群中，已建立起膳食硒与每日尿硒排泄之间的强相关性。本文综述了健康个体和不同病理状况患者的尿硒浓度数据。20 - 200微克/天的硒排泄率与缺乏或毒性问题无关。儿童、老年人和孕妇的尿硒排泄量会减少。接触重金属的工人和癌症患者的尿硒浓度分别高于和低于对照组。三甲基硒离子是尿中硒的一种次要代谢产物，仅在过量摄入硒的解毒过程中起重要作用。生物利用度和平衡研究表明肾脏在硒的稳态调节中起重要作用。
