Robertson P L, Garofalo E A, Silverstein F S, Komarynski M A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Epilepsia. 1993 Sep-Oct;34(5):965-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb02119.x.
A variety of movement disorders are known to occur in association with carbamazepine (CBZ) therapy in adults and children, but development of tics has been described infrequently and only in patients with underlying Tourette's syndrome or other movement disorders. We report 3 children with epilepsy who developed facial motor tics after initiation of CBZ for complex partial seizures. All 3 had documented CBZ blood levels in the therapeutic range at the time, and none had other symptoms or signs of clinical intoxication. Neurologic examinations were normal in 2 and showed developmental delay of expressive language in the third. Brain imaging was normal in all. After development of the tics in 2, CBZ was continued at the same or higher dose, and the tics abated and then ceased spontaneously < or = 6 months. In the third child, the tics ceased after CBZ discontinuation. These cases demonstrate that CBZ can induce simple motor tics in children. These idiosyncratic reactions may be transient and do not always necessitate drug discontinuation.
已知成人和儿童在卡马西平(CBZ)治疗过程中会出现多种运动障碍,但抽动的发生情况鲜有报道,且仅见于患有潜在抽动秽语综合征或其他运动障碍的患者。我们报告了3例癫痫患儿,在开始使用CBZ治疗复杂部分性癫痫发作后出现面部运动抽动。当时所有3例患儿的CBZ血药浓度均在治疗范围内,且均无其他临床中毒症状或体征。2例患儿的神经系统检查正常,第3例显示表达性语言发育迟缓。所有患儿的脑部影像学检查均正常。在2例患儿出现抽动后,继续使用相同剂量或更高剂量的CBZ,抽动减轻,然后在≤6个月时自行停止。在第3例患儿中,停用CBZ后抽动停止。这些病例表明,CBZ可诱发儿童单纯运动性抽动。这些特异反应可能是短暂的,并不总是需要停药。