Kneip R C, Delamater A M, Ismond T, Milford C, Salvia L, Schwartz D
Wayne State University.
Health Psychol. 1993 Jul;12(4):301-7. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.12.4.301.
Self- and spouse ratings of anger and hostility were examined as predictors of coronary heart disease (CHD) in 185 cardiac patients. Patients completed the Multidimensional Anger Inventory (MAI) and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability (MCSD) Scale; the MAI (rewritten to 3rd person) was completed by patients' spouses or by a peer. Thallium scans were used to measure CHD status. Results showed that patient-rated MAI scores were inversely correlated with MCSD. There were no gender differences for patient-rated MAI scores, but spouse ratings showed gender effects for Anger-Arousal and Hostile Outlook: Women rated their husband higher than men rated their wife. Patients with positive thallium scans were no different from those without CHD on patient-rated MAI scores; however, spouse ratings indicated that those with CHD had higher Hostile Outlook and Anger-In scores. After accounting for the effects of traditional CHD risk factors, only spouse-rated hostility contributed significant incremental variance to the prediction of CHD status.
对185名心脏病患者的愤怒和敌意的自我评分及配偶评分进行了研究,以作为冠心病(CHD)的预测指标。患者完成了多维愤怒量表(MAI)和马洛-克劳恩社会期望量表(MCSD);MAI(改写为第三人称)由患者的配偶或同伴完成。使用铊扫描来测量冠心病状况。结果显示,患者自评的MAI得分与MCSD呈负相关。患者自评的MAI得分不存在性别差异,但配偶评分在愤怒激发和敌意态度方面显示出性别效应:女性对丈夫的评分高于男性对妻子的评分。铊扫描呈阳性的患者在患者自评的MAI得分上与无冠心病的患者没有差异;然而,配偶评分表明,患有冠心病的患者具有更高的敌意态度和愤怒内化得分。在考虑了传统冠心病危险因素的影响后,只有配偶评定的敌意对冠心病状况的预测有显著的额外方差贡献。