Forrest J D, Fordyce R R
Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation, Raritan, N.J.
Fam Plann Perspect. 1993 Jul-Aug;25(4):175-9.
Women aged 15-44 rate the pill, the condom, vasectomy and female sterilization most highly, according to 1992 data from an annual survey by Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation of contraceptive attitudes and method use. The 6,955 survey respondents underrepresent women who are black or who have household annual incomes greater than $50,000, but they are similar to all American women in age, marital status and region of the country. About 74-84% of women giving an opinion view these methods favorably and 64% rate the hormonal implant favorably. The proportion of unmarried women who had had intercourse increased from 76% in 1987 to 86% in 1992. As a result, proportions of women at risk of unintended pregnancy rose from 72% to 77%. Contraceptive use also rose, from 92% to 94%. The most commonly used method is the pill (39%), followed by the condom (25%), female sterilization (19%) and vasectomy (12%). Married women exposed to the risk of unintended pregnancy are more likely to use sterilization (48%), while unmarried women are more likely to use the pill (52%) and the condom (33%). Pill use has increased since 1987, especially among married women, and condom use has increased among all women. Among unmarried women at risk of unintended pregnancy, condom use rose from 18% in 1987 to 33% in 1992. Among condom users, 40% of unmarried users and 13% of married users also use another method.
根据奥索制药公司一项关于避孕态度和方法使用情况的年度调查的1992年数据，15至44岁的女性对口服避孕药、避孕套、输精管切除术和女性绝育术的评价最高。6955名参与调查的受访者中，黑人女性或家庭年收入超过5万美元的女性占比不足，但她们在年龄、婚姻状况和所在地区方面与所有美国女性相似。在发表意见的女性中，约74%至84%对这些方法持赞许态度，64%对激素植入法持赞许态度。有过性行为的未婚女性比例从1987年的76%增至1992年的86%。因此，意外怀孕风险女性的比例从72%升至77%。避孕措施的使用率也有所上升，从92%升至94%。最常用的方法是口服避孕药（39%），其次是避孕套（25%）、女性绝育术（19%）和输精管切除术（12%）。面临意外怀孕风险的已婚女性更有可能采用绝育术（48%），而未婚女性更有可能使用口服避孕药（52%）和避孕套（33%）。自1987年以来，口服避孕药的使用有所增加，尤其是在已婚女性中，而避孕套在所有女性中的使用都有所增加。在有意外怀孕风险的未婚女性中，避孕套的使用率从1987年的18%升至1992年的33%。在使用避孕套的人群中，40%的未婚使用者和13%的已婚使用者还使用另一种避孕方法。
