Long-term results after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: experience of 480 cases.

The long-term outcome in 480 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent hepatic resection between 1980 and 1990 was investigated. Overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 44.1% and 17.8%, respectively, with a hospital mortality rate of 3.1%. The survival of patients who underwent curative resection was better than that of patients treated with noncurative resection. Tumor invasiveness, defined by the presence of vascular invasion and/or intrahepatic metastases, was a major prognostic factor for early recurrence in the patients treated with curative resection. The effect of tumor size and number on prognosis was attributable to a strong correlation with tumor invasiveness. One-third of patients with multiple lesions were considered to have multicentric disease, and their prognosis was better than that of patients with invasive lesions. The width of the resection margin did not affect the prognosis. An unfavorable effect of associated liver disease, especially cirrhosis, was prominent in the later period. A beneficial effect of anatomically systematic resection was apparent in non-cirrhotic patients with non-invasive HCC.