Van Vianen A, Bijlsma R
Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, Haren (GN), The Netherlands.
Heredity (Edinb). 1993 Sep;71 ( Pt 3):269-76. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1993.135.
As an important factor of the adult component of selection, mating behaviour was studied in Drosophila melanogaster, with emphasis on non-virgin females. We found that 30-50 per cent of the females in a laboratory population will remate within 6 h of first mating under no-choice conditions. This high percentage of early rematings was not due to the continuous confinement of the females with males but indicated a rapid return of receptivity of a significant proportion of the females. Remating behaviour was significantly influenced by both the genotype of the female and the genotype of her two successive partners. Age of females was only important insofar as it concerned young, 1 or 2-day old, females. These females showed less remating than older females. Willingness to remate was also affected by the number of sperm stored. Females that had been inseminated by less fertile males, i.e. males that had already mated two or three times, showed higher remating percentages than females inseminated by more fertile males. Notwithstanding this sperm effect, females were estimated to remate approximately every second day. It is suggested that a high frequency of remating and the resulting sperm competition are significant components of Drosophila life-history.
作为成虫选择组成部分的一个重要因素，我们以黑腹果蝇为研究对象，重点研究非处女雌蝇的交配行为。我们发现，在无选择条件下，实验室群体中30%至50%的雌蝇在首次交配后6小时内会再次交配。早期再次交配的高比例并非由于雌蝇与雄蝇持续关在一起，而是表明相当一部分雌蝇的接受能力迅速恢复。再次交配行为受到雌蝇基因型及其两个连续配偶基因型的显著影响。雌蝇的年龄仅在涉及1至2日龄的年轻雌蝇时才显得重要。这些年轻雌蝇的再次交配次数少于年长雌蝇。再次交配的意愿也受到储存精子数量的影响。被生育能力较低的雄蝇（即已经交配过两三次的雄蝇）授精的雌蝇，其再次交配的比例高于被生育能力较强的雄蝇授精的雌蝇。尽管存在这种精子效应，但估计雌蝇大约每隔一天就会再次交配。有人认为，高频率的再次交配以及由此产生的精子竞争是果蝇生活史的重要组成部分。
