Blair S N, Kohl H W, Barlow C E
Division of Epidemiology, Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research, Dallas, TX 75230.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1993 Aug;12(4):368-71. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1993.10718324.
Physical inactivity is associated with higher mortality rates in most studies in men, but studies in women are more equivocal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of sedentary living habits to all-cause mortality in women. A group of 3,120 adult women completed a preventive medical examination, and were followed for approximately 8 years for mortality. There were 43 deaths and a total of 25,433 person-years observed during follow-up. Physical fitness was assessed at baseline by a maximal exercise test on a treadmill, and physical activity was estimated by a self-administered questionnaire. Age-adjusted all-cause mortality rates were significantly inversely associated with physical fitness. Death rates were 40, 16, and 7 per 10,000 person-years of follow-up across low, moderate, and high categories of physical fitness, respectively. However, death rates did not differ across low, moderate, and high categories of physical activity. These findings are different than for men in the same study, where both physical activity and physical fitness were inversely associated with mortality risk. We attribute the lack of association between physical activity and mortality in women to be due to inadequate assessment of activity, and that this also is the likely explanation for the difference in results between women and men in published studies of physical activity and mortality.
在大多数针对男性的研究中，身体活动不足与较高的死亡率相关，但针对女性的研究结果则更为模糊。本研究的目的是评估久坐生活习惯与女性全因死亡率之间的关系。一组3120名成年女性完成了预防性医学检查，并随访了约8年以观察死亡率。随访期间共有43人死亡，总计观察到25433人年。在基线时通过跑步机上的最大运动测试评估身体素质，并通过自我填写的问卷估计身体活动情况。年龄调整后的全因死亡率与身体素质显著负相关。低、中、高身体素质类别每10000人年随访的死亡率分别为40、16和7。然而，低、中、高身体活动类别之间的死亡率没有差异。这些发现与同一研究中的男性不同，在男性中，身体活动和身体素质均与死亡风险呈负相关。我们将女性身体活动与死亡率之间缺乏关联归因于活动评估不足，这也可能是已发表的身体活动与死亡率研究中女性和男性结果差异的原因。
