Broderick J, Talbot G T, Prenger E, Leach A, Brott T
Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH.
J Child Neurol. 1993 Jul;8(3):250-5. doi: 10.1177/088307389300800308.
Our objective was to determine the incidence rate of stroke and stroke subtypes in children. We reviewed the medical records, autopsy records, and brain imaging studies of all children with a possible stroke within the Greater Cincinnati metropolitan area population of nearly 1.3 million during 1988 and 1989. Traumatic brain hemorrhages and germinal matrix hemorrhages were excluded. Of the 295,577 children in Greater Cincinnati, medical records of 178 children were screened. Sixteen cases (13 whites and three blacks) less than age 15 years fit strictly defined criteria for first-ever stroke. The incidence rate for cerebral infarction was 1.2 cases per 100,000 (95% confidence interval, 0.3 to 2.0). The combined incidence rate for intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage was 1.5 cases per 100,000 children (95% confidence interval, 0.4 to 2.3). The incidence rate of all stroke in white children was 2.6 cases per 100,000 (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 4.1), compared to 3.1 per 100,000 in black children (95% confidence interval, 0 to 6.6). The combined 30-day mortality for intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage was 22% (two of nine) compared to 14% (one of seven) for cerebral infarction. We conclude that in contrast to the picture in adults, hemorrhagic stroke among infants and children is at least as common as ischemic infarction.
我们的目标是确定儿童中风及中风亚型的发病率。我们回顾了1988年和1989年大辛辛那提市区近130万人口中所有可能患有中风的儿童的病历、尸检记录和脑成像研究。外伤性脑内出血和生发基质出血被排除在外。在大辛辛那提的295,577名儿童中，对178名儿童的病历进行了筛查。16例（13名白人儿童和3名黑人儿童）年龄小于15岁的儿童符合首次中风的严格定义标准。脑梗死的发病率为每10万人中有1.2例（95%置信区间为0.3至2.0）。脑内出血和蛛网膜下腔出血的合并发病率为每10万名儿童中有1.5例（95%置信区间为0.4至2.3）。白人儿童中所有中风的发病率为每10万人中有2.6例（95%置信区间为1.2至4.1），相比之下黑人儿童为每10万人中有3.1例（95%置信区间为0至6.6）。脑内出血和蛛网膜下腔出血的30天合并死亡率为22%（9例中有2例），而脑梗死为14%（7例中有1例）。我们得出结论，与成人情况不同，婴儿和儿童中的出血性中风至少与缺血性梗死一样常见。
