Hlady W G, Mullen R C, Hopkin R S
Epidemiology Program, State Health Office, Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services.
J Fla Med Assoc. 1993 Aug;80(8):536-8.
Seventy-two cases of Vibrio vulnificus infection from raw oysters were reported from 1981-1992; 36 (50%) patients died, making this infection the leading cause of reported deaths from foodborne illness in Florida. The bacterium naturally occurs in coastal waters and may contaminate legally harvested and properly handled shellfish. Infection, usually by ingestion of contaminated raw oysters, can cause severe illness especially in individuals with preexisting liver disease. They are at 80 times greater risk of illness and over 200 times greater risk of death. The case fatality rate (63%) among patients with liver diseases was over 2.5 times the rate (23%) among those without liver disease. Infections usually occurred during the warm weather months and presented as fulminant septicemia, often complicated by necrotizing cutaneous lesions. Early treatment with antibiotics, debridement and amputation when necessary may improve survival. Prevention relies upon educating patients regarding risk and thorough cooking of shellfish.
1981年至1992年期间，共报告了72例因食用生牡蛎感染创伤弧菌的病例；其中36例（50%）患者死亡，这使得这种感染成为佛罗里达州食源性疾病报告死亡的主要原因。这种细菌天然存在于沿海水域，可能会污染合法捕捞并妥善处理的贝类。感染通常是由于食用受污染的生牡蛎引起的，尤其会使已有肝病的个体患上严重疾病。他们患病风险高80倍，死亡风险高200倍以上。肝病患者的病死率（63%）比无肝病患者的病死率（23%）高出2.5倍以上。感染通常发生在天气温暖的月份，表现为暴发性败血症，常伴有坏死性皮肤病变。早期使用抗生素治疗，必要时进行清创和截肢，可能会提高生存率。预防措施包括教育患者了解风险以及彻底烹饪贝类。
