Yamashita H, Iwai M, Nishimura K, Kobayashi N, Shimazu T
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ehime University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1993 Apr;39(2):151-61. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.39.151.
To investigate the effects of different routes of alimentation on lipid metabolism, lipid-free nutrients with the same amount of energy and composition were continuously administered via the oral cavity (oral group), directly to the stomach (enteral group), or into the superior caval vein (parenteral group) of unrestrained rats. The body weight gain 1 week after continuous nutrition was greater in enteral and parenteral groups than in the orally-fed group. In comparison with the orally-fed group, the enterally-fed group had significantly greater liver and retroperitoneal adipose tissue weights and hepatic lipid content, whereas the parenterally-fed group produced similar changes to those in the enteral group without significant accumulation of hepatic lipid. The rate of fatty acid synthesis after 1 week of alimentation was 3-fold higher in the liver in enterally-fed group, and approximately 10-fold higher in white adipose tissue in both enterally- and parenterally-fed groups than in orally-fed group. Plasma concentrations of catecholamines after 6 h were significantly higher in the orally-fed group than in either the enteral or parenteral group. However, plasma insulin concentrations were not significantly different among the three groups. The results indicate that lipid synthesis and its deposition in the liver and adipose tissue are greatly influenced by the route of alimentation, possibly owing to difference in the early neuro-hormonal responses to different routes of alimentation.
为研究不同营养途径对脂质代谢的影响，将等量能量和成分的无脂营养素分别经口腔（口腔组）、直接注入胃内（肠内组）或注入未束缚大鼠的上腔静脉（肠外组）持续给予。持续营养1周后，肠内组和肠外组的体重增加幅度大于经口喂养组。与经口喂养组相比，肠内喂养组的肝脏和腹膜后脂肪组织重量及肝脏脂质含量显著增加，而肠外喂养组产生了与肠内组相似的变化，但肝脏脂质无明显蓄积。喂养1周后，肠内喂养组肝脏脂肪酸合成速率比经口喂养组高3倍，肠内和肠外喂养组白色脂肪组织中的脂肪酸合成速率比经口喂养组高约10倍。喂养6小时后，经口喂养组血浆儿茶酚胺浓度显著高于肠内组或肠外组。然而，三组间血浆胰岛素浓度无显著差异。结果表明，营养途径对肝脏和脂肪组织中脂质的合成及其沉积有很大影响，这可能是由于对不同营养途径的早期神经激素反应存在差异所致。
