Ikard R W, Perkins D
South Med J. 1977 Feb;70(2):208-12. doi: 10.1097/00007611-197702000-00032.
Tuberculosis of the breast has become a rare disease since the advent of antituberculous chemotherapy. The incidence of tuberculous mastitis at Vanderbilt Hospital for the last two decades was 0.025% of surgically treated breast disease. This probably reflects its prevalence in economically developed parts of the world. The pathologic diagnosis of mammary tuberculosis may be difficult. The only diagnostic proof is the demonstration of tubercle bacilli by microscopic smear of culture. Numerous cases have been incorrectly reported as mammary tuberculosis because of nonadherence to this criterion. Definite guidelines for treating breast tuberculosis are not available and may never become so because of its rarity. Drug therapy has been successful and should be tried in all cases. Adequate surgical removal is inevitably corrective of the local disease. Surgically treated patients should receive antituberculous drugs before and after their operations.
自抗结核化疗问世以来，乳腺结核已成为一种罕见疾病。在过去二十年里，范德比尔特医院结核性乳腺炎的发病率占手术治疗乳腺疾病的0.025%。这可能反映了其在世界经济发达地区的流行情况。乳腺结核的病理诊断可能存在困难。唯一的诊断依据是通过培养物的显微镜涂片来证明结核杆菌的存在。由于未遵循这一标准，许多病例被错误地报告为乳腺结核。目前尚无治疗乳腺结核的确切指南，而且由于其罕见性，可能永远也不会有。药物治疗已取得成功，所有病例都应尝试。充分的手术切除必然有助于纠正局部病变。接受手术治疗的患者在手术前后都应接受抗结核药物治疗。
