Rey D
Centre d'Informations et de Soins de l'Immunodéficience Humaine, Clinique Médicale A, Strasbourg, France.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1993 May;41(5):500-8.
Infection is the most frequent complication of venous catheters. The various types of infection are defined, followed by a review of the modalities of contamination of a catheter. The microorganism most frequently involved is Staphylococcus. The bacteriological diagnosis of a venous catheter infection is essentially based on semiquantitative culture according to Maki's technique or a quantitative method (Cléri or Brun-Buisson). Bacteriological diagnostic methods are also being developed to allow maintenance of the catheter. Treatment is primarily preventive, while, in addition to systemic antibiotics, curative treatment may also consist of attempts to maintain the infected catheter in place and the so-called "antibiotic lock" technique.
感染是静脉导管最常见的并发症。文中定义了各种类型的感染，随后回顾了导管污染的方式。最常涉及的微生物是葡萄球菌。静脉导管感染的细菌学诊断主要基于根据马基技术进行的半定量培养或定量方法（克莱里法或布伦 - 比松法）。目前也在开发细菌学诊断方法以允许保留导管。治疗主要是预防性的，而除了全身使用抗生素外，治愈性治疗还可能包括尝试保留感染的导管以及所谓的“抗生素封管”技术。
