Wladimiroff J W, Bloemsma C A, Wallenburg H C
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1977;56(1):37-42. doi: 10.3109/00016347709158337.
Consecutive ultrasonic measurement of fetal biparietal diameter (B.P.D.) and fetal chest area was carried out in 152 normal and 59 complicated pregnancies between 25 and 40 weeks of gestation. In normal pregnancy the mean fetal head area (B.P.D.2) varied from 45.0 cm2 at 25 weeks to 98.0 cm2 at 40 weeks. The mean chest area varied from 31.3 cm2 at 25 weeks to 94.3 cm2 at 41 weeks. A normal curve of the head-to-chest relation was constructed. In the group of complicated pregnancies, two types of fetal growth retardation could be recognized. The first type was characterized by a normal head-to-chest relationship (symmetric type), the second type was characterized by an abnormal head-to-chest relationship (asymmetric type; relatively large head area). During fetal growth acceleration head-to-chest-relationship was abnormal (relatively large chest area).
对152例正常妊娠和59例复杂妊娠在妊娠25至40周期间进行了连续的胎儿双顶径（B.P.D.）和胎儿胸部面积超声测量。在正常妊娠中，平均胎儿头部面积（双顶径²）从25周时的45.0平方厘米变化到40周时的98.0平方厘米。平均胸部面积从25周时的31.3平方厘米变化到41周时的94.3平方厘米。构建了头胸关系的正常曲线。在复杂妊娠组中，可以识别出两种类型的胎儿生长受限。第一种类型的特征是头胸关系正常（对称型），第二种类型的特征是头胸关系异常（不对称型；头部面积相对较大）。在胎儿生长加速期间，头胸关系异常（胸部面积相对较大）。
