Posner B M, Cupples L A, Miller D R, Cobb J L, Lutz K J, D'Agostino R B
Office of the Director, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118.
Am Heart J. 1993 Feb;125(2 Pt 1):483-9. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(93)90030-d.
Cross-sectional relationships between diet and total serum cholesterol levels were studied in a sample of 428 women from the Framingham Heart Study Cohort, aged 37 to 70 years, from 1957 to 1960. Multiple linear regression was used to control for total calorie intake, systolic blood pressure, physical activity, Metropolitan relative weight, glucose intolerance, and cigarette smoking. There was little evidence for a relationship between total serum cholesterol and dietary fat intake; whereas a marginally significant direct association was found with total fat in postmenopausal women, total and plant fat and cholesterol were inversely associated, and only cholesterol was significant in premenopausal women. A consistent inverse association was observed between total serum cholesterol levels and intake of protein, particularly from plant sources, and a weak inverse association was found with complex carbohydrate intake. Serum cholesterol in women may be influenced by a number of dietary factors and appears to differ according to menopausal status.
1957年至1960年间，在弗雷明汉心脏研究队列中选取了428名年龄在37岁至70岁之间的女性样本，研究饮食与血清总胆固醇水平之间的横断面关系。采用多元线性回归来控制总热量摄入、收缩压、身体活动、都市相对体重、葡萄糖耐量和吸烟情况。几乎没有证据表明血清总胆固醇与膳食脂肪摄入量之间存在关联；而在绝经后女性中，血清总胆固醇与总脂肪存在微弱的显著直接关联，总脂肪和植物脂肪以及胆固醇呈负相关，且在绝经前女性中只有胆固醇的关联显著。观察到血清总胆固醇水平与蛋白质摄入量（尤其是植物来源的蛋白质）之间始终存在负相关，与复合碳水化合物摄入量之间存在微弱的负相关。女性的血清胆固醇可能受多种饮食因素影响，且似乎因绝经状态而异。
