Olsén K H, Liley N R
Department of Zoophysiology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1993 Jan;89(1):107-18. doi: 10.1006/gcen.1993.1014.
Male rainbow trout orientate to a "releaser" pheromone emitted by an ovulated female. This chemical signal is not necessary for the completion of spawning behavior: anosmic males spawned as readily as intact males when paired with ovulated females. The amount of "strippable" milt and plasma concentrations of testosterone (T) and 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20 beta-P) were greater in males paired for 3 hr with ovulated females than in isolated males, or males placed with nonvitellogenic adult females or in all male groups. Milt and plasma T, 17,20 beta-P, and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) were reduced in anosmic males paired with ovulated females, indicating the existence of a priming pheromone. Milt, T, 11-KT, and 17,20 beta-P increased in intact males within 4 hr after injection of salmon gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue, lyophilized salmon pituitary extract, or homogenized fresh rainbow trout pituitary material. The results indicate that the priming pheromone acts through the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis.
雄性虹鳟会趋向于由排卵后的雌性释放的“释放者”信息素。这种化学信号对于产卵行为的完成并非必要：当与排卵后的雌性交配时，嗅觉缺失的雄性与完整的雄性一样容易产卵。与排卵后的雌性交配3小时的雄性，其“可挤出”的精液量以及睾酮（T）和17α,20β - 二羟基 - 4 - 孕烯 - 3 - 酮（17,20β - P）的血浆浓度，均高于单独饲养的雄性、与未成熟成年雌性交配的雄性或全雄性群体中的雄性。与排卵后的雌性交配的嗅觉缺失雄性，其精液以及血浆中的T、17,20β - P和11 - 酮睾酮（11 - KT）含量降低，这表明存在一种启动信息素。在注射鲑鱼促性腺激素释放激素类似物、冻干的鲑鱼垂体提取物或新鲜虹鳟垂体匀浆后4小时内，完整雄性的精液、T、11 - KT和17,20β - P含量增加。结果表明，启动信息素通过下丘脑 - 垂体 - 性腺轴起作用。
