Barnes E R, Thompson D F
College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
Ann Pharmacother. 1993 Jan;27(1):49-52. doi: 10.1177/106002809302700113.
To review the evidence that antenatal phenobarbital can reduce the incidence or severity of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) in low-birthweight neonates.
MEDLINE searches were conducted with fan searches of all papers.
Emphasis was placed on human data supplemented by relevant animal data.
The barbiturates have been used to reduce hypoxic-ischemic cerebral events. Giving phenobarbital to high-risk pregnant women allows the drug to be in therapeutic concentrations during the critical period when PIVH occurs in low-birthweight infants. Current data suggest that antenatal phenobarbital can decrease the severity of PIVH; fewer data are available stating that it can decrease the incidence of PIVH.
Evidence supports the hypothesis that antenatal phenobarbital is effective in decreasing the severity of PIVH in low-birthweight neonates. Further data are necessary regarding the incidence of low Apgar scores and respiratory depression in neonates given antenatal phenobarbital.
回顾关于产前使用苯巴比妥可降低低体重新生儿脑室周围-脑室内出血（PIVH）发生率或严重程度的证据。
通过全面检索所有论文进行MEDLINE搜索。
重点关注人类数据，并辅以相关动物数据。
巴比妥类药物已被用于减少缺氧缺血性脑事件。给高危孕妇使用苯巴比妥可使药物在低体重儿发生PIVH的关键时期处于治疗浓度。目前的数据表明，产前使用苯巴比妥可降低PIVH的严重程度；关于其可降低PIVH发生率的数据较少。
有证据支持以下假设，即产前使用苯巴比妥可有效降低低体重新生儿PIVH的严重程度。关于产前使用苯巴比妥的新生儿低Apgar评分和呼吸抑制发生率，还需要更多数据。
