Johnson L G, Brown O F, Alligood M R
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 1993 Jan;7(2):32-40. doi: 10.1097/00005082-199301000-00005.
Epicardial pacing wire removal (EPWR) is a procedure performed on postoperative cardiac surgery patients. Nurses who assist with or perform this procedure need to be aware of its possible complications; these include bleeding, pericardial or mediastinal tamponade, ventricular dysrhythmias, wire fragment migration, and infection secondary to retained wire fragments. Patients undergoing EPWR should be monitored for signs of complications; appropriate emergency equipment should be readily available, and nurses should educate patients on possible problems and interventions.
心外膜起搏导线拔除术（EPWR）是针对心脏手术后患者实施的一种操作。协助或实施该操作的护士需要了解其可能的并发症；这些并发症包括出血、心包或纵隔填塞、室性心律失常、导线碎片移位以及因导线碎片残留继发的感染。接受EPWR的患者应接受并发症体征监测；应随时备好合适的急救设备，护士应就可能出现的问题及干预措施对患者进行教育。
