Mills P J, Berry C C, Dimsdale J E, Nelesen R A, Ziegler M G
Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
Psychophysiology. 1993 Mar;30(2):197-204. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb01732.x.
This study examined the test-retest reliability of task-induced responses of blood pressure, heart rate, norepinephrine, epinephrine, anger, and anxiety in 98 black and white normotensive and hypertensive individuals. Subjects completed three laboratory tasks (standing, mental arithmetic, and cold pressor) on two occasions 10 days apart. For all subjects, all baseline and test-retest correlation coefficients were significant (rs = .23-.71; median = .58). Baseline-adjusted (residual scores) reactivity test-retest correlation coefficients were consistently smaller (rs = .02-.55; median = .36). In contrast to the white hypertensives, white normotensives, and black normotensives, the black hypertensives showed no significant baseline-adjusted test-retest correlation coefficients (rs = -.21-.40; median = .12). Epinephrine responses revealed a significant session by race interaction; blacks had 20% higher mean values and whites had 10% lower mean values upon retesting. The data suggest that race and hypertension may interact to affect the temporal stability of task-induced responses to stressors.
本研究考察了98名黑人和白人正常血压及高血压个体在任务诱发下的血压、心率、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、愤怒和焦虑反应的重测信度。受试者在相隔10天的两个时间段内完成了三项实验室任务(站立、心算和冷加压)。对于所有受试者,所有基线和重测相关系数均具有显著性(rs = 0.23 - 0.71;中位数 = 0.58)。经基线调整(残差分数)后的反应性重测相关系数始终较小(rs = 0.02 - 0.55;中位数 = 0.36)。与白人高血压患者、白人正常血压者和黑人正常血压者不同,黑人高血压患者经基线调整后的重测相关系数无显著性(rs = -0.21 - 0.40;中位数 = 0.12)。肾上腺素反应显示出种族与测试时段之间存在显著交互作用;再次测试时,黑人的平均值高出20%,而白人的平均值低10%。数据表明,种族和高血压可能相互作用,影响任务诱发应激反应的时间稳定性。