Weyerer S
Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim.
Gesundheitswesen. 1993 Jan;55(1):1-7.
Crucial epidemiological variables are described: incidence, prevalence, and relative risk. Of primary importance to comparison of rates of illness and testing hypotheses as to its causes and course are the exact identification and definition of mental disorders. In recent years a variety of screening instruments for assessing both general mental impairment and specific mental disorders have been developed. The methodological standards demanded of a good screening instrument are discussed, namely, the identification of all actual cases of illness (as far as possible) without too many false positive findings among the healthy persons examined.
发病率、患病率和相对风险。对于比较疾病发生率以及检验关于其病因和病程的假设而言，精神障碍的确切识别和定义至关重要。近年来，已开发出多种用于评估一般精神损害和特定精神障碍的筛查工具。文中讨论了对一种良好筛查工具所要求的方法学标准，即（尽可能）识别出所有实际患病病例，同时在所检查的健康人群中避免出现过多假阳性结果。
