Watanabe K, Saito Y, Watanabe I
Rhinology. 1978 Dec;16(4):215-23.
In the anterior tip of the inferior turbinate, the epithelium has microvilli which are covered by a mucopolysaccharide layer. This layer is about 0.8 mu in depth, well stained by ruthenium red and with a high density. The spaces between these microvilli are filled with this dense layer; therefore the movement of microvilli are suppressed, but this layer is a strong defensive line against ambient air. It is known that most inhaled particles are deposited in the anterior nares. So virus, microorganisms and antigens etc. will easily penetrate the epithelium if this layer becomes thin. Two centimeters behind the anterior tip where the epithelium is ciliated, the mucous layer over the cilia is less stained by ruthenium red and has a lower density than the anterior tip. This layer does not insert itself between the cilia. The fine filamentous mucopolysaccharide which seems flexible binds the cilias and the mucous layer. While the beat of cilia is not suppressed the inhaled particles cannot insert between cilia. In conclusion, the deep mucopolysaccharide layer over the anterior tip of the inferior turbinate and ciliary beat are important defensive mechanisms against the trauma of the ambient air.
在下鼻甲前端，上皮细胞具有微绒毛，其被一层粘多糖覆盖。这层粘多糖深度约为0.8微米，经钌红染色良好且密度较高。这些微绒毛之间的间隙充满了这一致密层；因此微绒毛的运动受到抑制，但这层是抵御外界空气的强大防线。已知大多数吸入颗粒沉积在前鼻孔。所以如果这层变薄，病毒、微生物和抗原等将很容易穿透上皮细胞。在前端向后两厘米处上皮细胞有纤毛，纤毛上的粘液层经钌红染色较少且密度低于前端。这层不会插入纤毛之间。看起来有弹性的细丝状粘多糖将纤毛和粘液层结合在一起。虽然纤毛的摆动未受抑制，但吸入颗粒无法插入纤毛之间。总之，下鼻甲前端的深层粘多糖层和纤毛摆动是抵御外界空气损伤的重要防御机制。
