Brown F M
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Ergonomics. 1993 Jan-Mar;36(1-3):191-7. doi: 10.1080/00140139308967872.
An existing 13-item composite circadian rhythm 'morningness' scale was simplified into a '(BA)sic (L)anguage (M)orningness' (BALM) scale at a seventh grade (12-13 years) reading level. It was given to 150 each of continuously rotating shifworkers and fixed-schedule dayworkers in an industrial manufacturing plant. Multiple factor analyses confirmed three prior identified factors, morningness/effort, morning alert, and evening. Morningness scores for dayworkers were higher than for shiftworkers (p < 0.001). The BALM scale revision is suitable for most worker levels. A suggested psychometrically 'purer' 9-item morningness scale omits the inconsistent evening factor scale items.
一个现有的包含13个项目的综合昼夜节律“晨型”量表被简化为一个“（基础）（语言）（晨型）”（BALM）量表，其阅读水平相当于七年级（12 - 13岁）。该量表被发放给一家工业制造工厂中各150名连续轮班工人和固定日程白班工人。多因素分析证实了之前确定的三个因素：晨型/努力程度、早晨警觉性和晚间型。白班工人的晨型得分高于轮班工人（p < 0.001）。BALM量表修订版适用于大多数工人水平。一个在心理测量学上更“纯粹”的建议9项晨型量表省略了不一致的晚间因素量表项目。
