Dutta P, Rasaily R, Saha M R, Mitra U, Manna B, Chakraborty S, Mukherjee A
Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Calcutta, India.
Scand J Gastroenterol. 1993 Feb;28(2):168-72. doi: 10.3109/00365529309096065.
The efficacy of furazolidone and chloramphenicol was compared in a randomized trial involving 133 children with bacteriologically confirmed typhoid fever. Sixty-five children were randomized to receive furazolidone, 7.5 mg/kg/day, and 68 children to receive chloramphenicol, 75 mg/kg/day. Both drugs were administered orally. The clinical characteristics of the two treatment groups were comparable on admission. All the strains of Salmonella typhi isolated from the furazolidone group were susceptible to furazolidone. However, of the 68 strains of S. typhi isolated from the chloramphenicol group, 10 were susceptible and 58 were resistant to chloramphenicol. Clinical and bacteriologic cure was observed in 56 (86.2%) children treated with furazolidone and in 35 (51.5%) children given chloramphenicol who were infected with S. typhi strains, irrespective of susceptibility pattern (P = 0.00003). Cure was achieved in 86.2% of furazolidone recipients and 90.0% of chloramphenicol recipients who were infected with strains of S. typhi susceptible to both drugs (P = 0.6). The difference in cure rate was statistically significant (P = 0.000003) when the two treatment groups infected with furazolidone-susceptible but chloramphenicol-resistant strains of S. typhi were compared. There was no relapse or carriers in either of the groups. Furazolidone appears to be a satisfactory alternative to chloramphenicol in the treatment of typhoid fever caused by chloramphenicol-resistant strains of S. typhi.
在一项涉及133名细菌学确诊为伤寒热的儿童的随机试验中，比较了呋喃唑酮和氯霉素的疗效。65名儿童被随机分配接受呋喃唑酮治疗，剂量为7.5毫克/千克/天，68名儿童接受氯霉素治疗，剂量为75毫克/千克/天。两种药物均口服给药。两个治疗组入院时的临床特征具有可比性。从呋喃唑酮组分离出的所有伤寒沙门氏菌菌株对呋喃唑酮敏感。然而，从氯霉素组分离出的68株伤寒沙门氏菌中，10株对氯霉素敏感，58株对氯霉素耐药。无论药敏模式如何，接受呋喃唑酮治疗的56名（86.2%）感染伤寒沙门氏菌菌株的儿童和接受氯霉素治疗的35名（51.5%）儿童实现了临床和细菌学治愈（P = 0.00003）。感染对两种药物均敏感的伤寒沙门氏菌菌株的呋喃唑酮接受者中有86.2%治愈，氯霉素接受者中有90.0%治愈（P = 0.6）。当比较感染对呋喃唑酮敏感但对氯霉素耐药的伤寒沙门氏菌菌株的两个治疗组时，治愈率的差异具有统计学意义（P = 0.000003）。两组均无复发或带菌者。在治疗由对氯霉素耐药的伤寒沙门氏菌菌株引起的伤寒热方面，呋喃唑酮似乎是氯霉素的一个令人满意的替代药物。
