Whitson J T, Love R, Brown R H, Lynch M G, Schoenwald R D
Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1993 Mar 15;115(3):357-9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73588-3.
In this study we examined the relative effects of reducing eyedrop size (from 30 microliters to 10 microliters) and eyelid closure on the ocular efficacy and systemic absorption of 10% phenylephrine. Thirteen subjects participated in a quadruple crossover study that involved dilation with a 10-microliters and a 30-microliters drop of phenylephrine with and without eyelid closure. The 10-microliters drop was just as effective for pupillary dilation as the 30-microliters drop. Eyelid closure improved dilation for both drop sizes. Both eyelid closure and reducing the drug volume decreased systemic absorption of phenylephrine as measured by plasma concentration. When used together, eyelid closure and the smaller drop size reduced plasma concentration by 45%. The therapeutic index for 10% phenylephrine appears to be improved by using a 10-microliters drop followed by eyelid closure.
在本研究中，我们检测了减小滴眼液体积（从30微升减至10微升）和闭眼对10%去氧肾上腺素眼内疗效及全身吸收的相对影响。13名受试者参与了一项四重交叉研究，该研究涉及使用10微升和30微升去氧肾上腺素滴眼液进行散瞳，且分为闭眼和不闭眼两种情况。10微升的滴眼液在散瞳效果上与30微升的滴眼液相同。闭眼对两种体积的滴眼液散瞳效果均有改善。通过血浆浓度测定，闭眼和减少药物体积均降低了去氧肾上腺素的全身吸收。当两者同时使用时，闭眼和较小的滴眼液体积使血浆浓度降低了45%。先使用10微升的滴眼液然后闭眼似乎提高了10%去氧肾上腺素的治疗指数。
