Cleophas T J, Niemeyer M G
Department of Medicine, Merwede Hospital Sliedrecht-Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Angiology. 1993 Mar;44(3):196-209. doi: 10.1177/000331979304400305.
The recent literature concerning Raynaud's syndrome is reviewed. Raynaud's syndrome is as common as hypertension and diabetes. In spite of its generally benign character, it causes a lot of discomfort to individuals and sickness absenteeism to society, especially in the colder regions of the world. The etiology remains an enigma 130 years after its first description, perhaps even more so than ever before, the many new theories proposed in the literature. Clearly, in a condition where seventy different etiologic theories are advocated, the culprit lesion is obviously missing, or there is not a culprit lesion but an accumulation of conditions having nothing in common but a few symptoms. Moreover a Raynaud attack may result, not from a single event, but from a cascade of events, just as, for example, hemostasis does. Controversy about diagnosis exists all over. For example, how does one make a diagnosis? Patient history has been considered unreliable. A standardized cold test, though highly reproducible in the authors' hands, is far from common property. Raynaud's syndrome is a condition for which thirty-eight therapies have been advocated in the last three years, but the curative answer is still to come.
本文对近期有关雷诺综合征的文献进行了综述。雷诺综合征与高血压和糖尿病一样常见。尽管其通常具有良性特征，但它给个人带来诸多不适，并给社会造成旷工现象，在世界较寒冷地区尤其如此。自首次描述以来的130年间，其病因仍是个谜，或许比以往任何时候都更神秘，尽管文献中提出了许多新理论。显然，在有七十种不同病因理论的情况下，明显找不到罪魁祸首的病变，或者根本不存在罪魁祸首的病变，而是一系列毫无共同之处、仅有一些症状相同的情况的累积。此外，雷诺发作可能并非由单一事件引起，而是由一连串事件导致，就像例如止血过程那样。各地关于诊断都存在争议。例如，如何进行诊断？患者病史被认为不可靠。一种标准化的冷试验，尽管在作者手中具有高度可重复性，但远未得到广泛应用。在过去三年里，针对雷诺综合征已提出了三十八种治疗方法，但仍未找到治愈方法。
