Calva J J, Cerón E, Bojalil R, Holbrook A
Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, D. F.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1993 Mar;50(3):145-50.
In developing countries, antibiotics are the most common sales of drugs and it has been suggested that their irrational use leads to the emergence of resistant bacteria. In order to assess the purchase of antimicrobials in a peri-urban community in Mexico City six local drug stores were randomly selected. A social worker made five visits to each pharmacy and she observed the events during the purchase of the drug and applied a structured questionnaire to the customer immediately after the transaction. Antibiotics were the majority (29%) of the drug sales. Of all purchasers of an antibiotic 43% did it without medical prescription and 72% answered that a physician had influenced on the purchase. Duration of the antibiotic therapy was specified in one out of three prescriptions that were examined and only in 28% of the sales the purchase was enough for a treatment duration of more than four days. More information, from similar surveys in drug stores in other settings, is needed to support the reinforcement of actions to control the sales of antibiotics in the community.
在发展中国家，抗生素是最常见的药品销售品类，有人认为其不合理使用会导致耐药菌的出现。为评估墨西哥城一个城郊社区的抗菌药物购买情况，随机选取了六家当地药店。一名社会工作者对每家药店进行了五次走访，观察购药过程中的情况，并在交易完成后立即向顾客发放一份结构化问卷。抗生素占药品销售的大部分（29%）。在所有购买抗生素的人中，43%是在没有医生处方的情况下购买的，72%的人回答是医生影响了他们的购买行为。在所检查的三份处方中，只有一份注明了抗生素治疗的疗程，在仅28%的销售中，所购药品足以进行超过四天的治疗。需要从其他地区药店的类似调查中获取更多信息，以支持加强社区抗生素销售控制行动。
