Fetterman J G, Dreyfus L R, Stubbs D A
Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis 46202.
J Comp Psychol. 1993 Mar;107(1):3-11. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.107.1.3.
Humans (Homo sapiens) were trained on 2 versions of a 2-alternative, forced-choice procedure. First, subjects judged which of 2 successive stimulus durations was longer. Second, subjects judged whether the ratio of the 2 durations was less or greater than a criterion ratio (e.g., 2:1). Accuracy was significantly lower for the task in which the judgment was made according to the ratio of the 2 durations. This result is different than that obtained by Fetterman, Dreyfus, and Stubbs (1989), who trained pigeons (Columbia livia) on a similar pair of tasks and found that pigeons' performance was comparable for the 2 discriminations. Comparisons of the pigeon and human data suggest that humans were more accurate than pigeons when the judgment involved which duration was longer, but that accuracy was comparable for the ratio-based task.
人类（智人）接受了两种版本的二选一、强制选择程序的训练。首先，受试者判断两个连续刺激持续时间中哪个更长。其次，受试者判断这两个持续时间的比率是小于还是大于一个标准比率（例如2:1）。对于根据两个持续时间的比率进行判断的任务，准确率显著较低。这一结果与费特曼、德雷福斯和斯塔布斯（1989年）的结果不同，他们对鸽子（家鸽）进行了类似的一对任务训练，发现鸽子在这两种辨别任务中的表现相当。鸽子和人类数据的比较表明，当判断涉及哪个持续时间更长时，人类比鸽子更准确，但在基于比率的任务中，准确率相当。
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