Martorina M, Porté E
U.O. Oculistica-Ospedale Regionale, Aosta, Italy.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1993 Feb;231(2):76-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00920216.
The phenomena involved in paradoxical upper lid retraction have been observed during recovery from paralysis of the third cranial nerve (CN). One of these phenomena is pseudo-Graefe's sign or Fuch's sign, which is characterized by elevation or retraction of the upper eyelid when the eye is looking downwards and inwards. This synkinesis is caused by an aberrant regeneration of newly formed axons of the third CN that subsequently reach muscles not originally connected with them. Pseudo-Graefe's sign may occur after congenital or acquired diseases. Acquired forms occur more frequently and result from paralysis of the third CN following various intracranial diseases: aneurysms, traumas and tumors.
在动眼神经（CN）麻痹恢复过程中观察到了反常性上睑退缩所涉及的现象。其中一种现象是假性格雷费征或富克斯征，其特征是当眼睛向下和向内看时上睑抬高或退缩。这种联合运动是由动眼神经新形成的轴突异常再生引起的，这些轴突随后到达原本与之不相连的肌肉。假性格雷费征可能发生在先天性或后天性疾病之后。后天性形式更为常见，是由各种颅内疾病（如动脉瘤、创伤和肿瘤）导致的动眼神经麻痹引起的。
