High initial nortriptyline doses in the treatment of depression.

BACKGROUND

Guidelines for doses of nortriptyline are generally somewhat vague and usually recommend a fairly wide dose range. Additionally, the safety and utility of beginning treatment at higher initial doses have not been adequately investigated.

METHOD

Nortriptyline treatment was initiated with a 75- to 125-mg dose depending on weight in 26 depressed inpatients in an open-label study.

RESULTS

The mean Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score decreased by 45% within 1 week (p < .001) and remained essentially unchanged at the end of Week 2. Orthostatic hypotension was the side effect of major concern since it is virtually the only significant cardiovascular effect in young healthy individuals treated with tricyclic antidepressant medication. Only 2 patients developed orthostasis, which required additional treatment with fludrocortisone, and no patients were dropped from the study due to side effects. None of the patients evidenced significant ECG changes. Twenty-one patients (81%) reached therapeutic drug levels on the initial dose regimen by the end of Week 1.

CONCLUSION

Subjects tolerated high initial doses well and appeared to reach significant benefit within the first week. However, double-blind controlled studies are needed before any definitive conclusions can be drawn.