Huland H
Urologische Universitätsklinik Hamburg.
Urologe A. 1993 Jan;32(1):16-21.
Pyelonephritic scars almost never develop after urinary tract infections alone, but require certain risk factors in addition. The most important risk factors are: vesicoureteral reflux, intrarenal reflux, obstructive uropathy, and nephrolithiasis. Most pyelonephritic scars develop in early childhood with the combination of vesico-ureteral reflux, intrarenal reflux, and urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections alone almost never result in pyelonephritic scars. After the age of 3 years the risk developing pyelonephritic scars is not more than 10% in those with the combination of urinary tract infections and vesicoureteral reflux. In this age group the risk developing pyelonephritic scars is not altered by antireflux operation.
肾盂肾炎瘢痕几乎不会仅在尿路感染后出现，还需要其他特定风险因素。最重要的风险因素包括：膀胱输尿管反流、肾内反流、梗阻性尿路病和肾结石。大多数肾盂肾炎瘢痕在儿童早期因膀胱输尿管反流、肾内反流和尿路感染共同作用而形成。单纯尿路感染几乎从不导致肾盂肾炎瘢痕。3岁以后，尿路感染合并膀胱输尿管反流的患者发生肾盂肾炎瘢痕的风险不超过10%。在这个年龄组，抗反流手术不会改变发生肾盂肾炎瘢痕的风险。
