Topographical analysis of the centration of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy.

A major advantage of myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is the precision with which the excimer laser ablates corneal tissue. But like other refractive surgery procedures, PRK must solve the problem of accurately centering the treatment zone. We present our technique for PRK centration with postoperative corneal topographic data on 110 patients from Phase IIB and III of the clinical trials. The distance between the center of the post-PRK flat zone and the corneal vertex was determined by topography in millimeters and meridian degrees. On average, treatment zones were decentered down and right 0.52 mm at 196.74 degrees; 92.73% were centered within 1.00 mm, while 57.27% were within 0.50 mm. The centration data were correlated to postoperative visual acuity as well as treatment zone diameter. Mean uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20 for decentrations up to 1.00 mm but fell to 20/30 for deviations greater than 1.00 mm. Best corrected acuity was also preserved below 1.00 mm but compromised above this level. No difference in decentration was found between 4.5 mm and 5.0 mm ablation zones. Our findings indicate that PRK centration is accurate within 1.0 mm in over 92% of cases and that visual acuity is relatively preserved despite deviations from perfect centration. Further technical improvements will enhance the accuracy of PRK.