Loeb D F, Allen G D
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
J Speech Hear Res. 1993 Feb;36(1):4-13. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3601.04.
This study evaluated normally developing preschoolers' imitation of intonation contours modeled in a sentence elicitation task. Three intonation contours (declarative, interrogative, and monotone) were presented to 3- and 5-year-old children. Acoustic analyses using the Visi-Pitch and Apple IIe computer system, along with perceptual ratings, measured the extent to which preschoolers imitated a modeled intonation contour. The results indicated that, as a group, the children were perceived to imitate or partially imitate the preceding intonation contour modeled by the adult. The 5-year-old children imitated modeled contours more frequently than did the 3-year-old children. In contrast, the 3-year-old children primarily partially imitated the intonation contours. Further analysis revealed that between-group differences were due largely to accuracy in imitating the interrogative contour. These findings establish reference data on normal children and implicate the use of both acoustic and perceptual analyses in order to develop and interpret intervention strategies aimed at children with prosodic problems.
本研究评估了正常发育的学龄前儿童在句子引出任务中对语调轮廓的模仿。向3岁和5岁儿童呈现了三种语调轮廓（陈述句、疑问句和单调语调）。使用可视音高和苹果IIe计算机系统进行声学分析，并结合感知评分，测量了学龄前儿童模仿所模拟语调轮廓的程度。结果表明，总体而言，儿童被认为模仿或部分模仿了成人之前模拟的语调轮廓。5岁儿童比3岁儿童更频繁地模仿所模拟的轮廓。相比之下，3岁儿童主要是部分模仿语调轮廓。进一步分析表明，组间差异主要归因于模仿疑问语调轮廓的准确性。这些发现建立了关于正常儿童的参考数据，并表明为了制定和解释针对韵律问题儿童的干预策略，需要同时使用声学和感知分析。
