Cardona C J, Galey F D, Bickford A A, Charlton B R, Cooper G L
California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System--Turlock Branch, University of California, Davis 95381.
Avian Dis. 1993 Jan-Mar;37(1):107-17.
Monensin was given via gavage to 5- and 6-week-old broad-breasted white turkeys. The birds were allotted into four groups--three groups given monensin and one group of controls--in two experimental trials. Treated turkeys in Trial 1 received one dose of monensin per day for 4 days at 4.7 mg monensin/kg body weight, 8.8 mg/kg, or 17.6 mg/kg. Treated turkeys in Trial 2 received one dose of monensin per day for 5 days at 1.93 mg/kg, 4.7 mg/kg, or 8.8 mg/kg. Turkeys receiving the lowest dose showed no clinical signs of myopathy. Birds receiving 4.7 mg monensin/kg developed ataxia after the third dose and rear limb paresis and paralysis after the fifth dose. Turkeys receiving 8.8 mg/kg were ataxic after the second dose and paretic or paralyzed after the fourth dose. Turkeys receiving 17.6 mg/kg were ataxic 3 hours after the first dose and paretic or paralyzed 8 hours after the first dose. Histologically, a necrotizing skeletal myopathy was present in the muscles of the rear limbs. A dose-related response was observed in the percentage of myofibers damaged in birds that survived until the end of the trials. Intrafiber edema and vacuolation were observed in histologic sections from myocardium of turkeys from the two highest dose groups.
莫能菌素通过灌胃给予5周龄和6周龄的宽胸白羽火鸡。在两项实验中，将这些火鸡分为四组——三组给予莫能菌素，一组为对照组。实验1中接受治疗的火鸡以4.7毫克莫能菌素/千克体重、8.8毫克/千克或17.6毫克/千克的剂量每天给药一次，持续4天。实验2中接受治疗的火鸡以1.93毫克/千克、4.7毫克/千克或8.8毫克/千克的剂量每天给药一次，持续5天。接受最低剂量的火鸡没有出现肌病的临床症状。接受4.7毫克莫能菌素/千克的火鸡在第三次给药后出现共济失调，在第五次给药后出现后肢轻瘫和麻痹。接受8.8毫克/千克的火鸡在第二次给药后出现共济失调，在第四次给药后出现轻瘫或麻痹。接受17.6毫克/千克的火鸡在第一次给药后3小时出现共济失调，在第一次给药后8小时出现轻瘫或麻痹。组织学上，后肢肌肉出现坏死性骨骼肌病。在存活至试验结束的火鸡中，观察到受损肌纤维百分比与剂量相关的反应。在两个最高剂量组火鸡的心肌组织切片中观察到肌纤维内水肿和空泡化。
