Partanen J
Social Research Institute of Alcohol Studies, Helsinki, Finland.
Addiction. 1993 Jan;88 Suppl:129S-134S. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02171.x.
The paper draws upon the recent developments of alcohol policy in the ex-Soviet Union and in Africa, especially Kenya. According to the standard criteria of success, both are to be regarded as total or near-total failures. The examination of these cases will, consequently, reveal some of the factors that are essential prerequisites for carrying out successful alcohol policies. It will lead to considerations concerning the approaches and problems of alcohol research; to a discussion about the marginalization of alcohol and drinking in our Western societies; to another look at the tasks of alcohol policies (based also on experiences in Truk, Federated States of Micronesia); and, finally, to a rather modest view about the role of alcohol policy in general.
本文借鉴了前苏联和非洲（尤其是肯尼亚）近期酒精政策的发展情况。按照成功的标准来衡量，这两者都应被视为完全失败或近乎完全失败的案例。因此，对这些案例的审视将揭示出实施成功酒精政策的一些关键必备因素。这将引发对酒精研究的方法和问题的思考；引发关于酒精及饮酒在我们西方社会被边缘化的讨论；促使我们基于密克罗尼西亚联邦特鲁克岛的经验，重新审视酒精政策的任务；最后，让我们对酒精政策的总体作用有一个较为适度的认识。
